Act Science Practice

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What is gene transfer in bacteria?

Back

Gene transfer in bacteria refers to the process by which genetic material is transferred from one bacterium to another, allowing for genetic variation and adaptation.

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What is a plasmid?

Back

A plasmid is a small, circular piece of DNA that is separate from the chromosomal DNA and can replicate independently. Plasmids often carry genes that provide bacteria with genetic advantages, such as antibiotic resistance.

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Define the term 'recipient bacterium'.

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A recipient bacterium is a bacterium that receives genetic material from a donor bacterium during the process of gene transfer.

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What is the significance of gene replication in bacteria?

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Gene replication is crucial for the propagation of genetic information, allowing bacteria to reproduce and pass on traits to their offspring.

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Explain the concept of gene interruption during transfer.

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Gene interruption during transfer refers to the scenario where the process of transferring genetic material is halted before completion, potentially resulting in incomplete gene transfer.

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What does it mean for a gene to be 'definitely NOT transferred'?

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A gene that is 'definitely NOT transferred' means that, based on the timing and conditions of the gene transfer, it cannot be present in the recipient bacterium.

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What is the role of gene order in plasmid transfer?

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The order of genes on a plasmid can affect the sequence in which they are transferred to a recipient bacterium, influencing which traits are inherited.

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What is the importance of understanding gene transfer models?

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Understanding gene transfer models helps in predicting the outcomes of genetic exchanges between bacteria, which is essential for fields like microbiology and genetic engineering.

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What is the relationship between gene transfer and antibiotic resistance?

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Gene transfer can facilitate the spread of antibiotic resistance among bacteria, as resistance genes can be shared between different bacterial species.

Front

Define 'gene replication'.

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Gene replication is the process by which a bacterium copies its genetic material before cell division, ensuring that each daughter cell receives a complete set of genes.