Phineas Gage Flashcard (Amplify 7C)

Front

What part of Phineas's brain was injured in the accident?

Back

The frontal lobe of the cortex

Front

What was the primary debate among doctors regarding Phineas's brain injury?

Back

Whether the brain has localized or whole intelligence functions

Front

Which group believed that the brain functions as a whole intelligence?

Back

Whole Brainers

Front

According to the passage, how did the Localizers explain Phineas's survival without critical brain functions?

Back

Because the damage was limited to non-critical organs

Front

What did the 'Whole Brainers' lack in their theory, according to the text?

Back

Hard evidence

Front

What did phrenologists believe they could determine from the skull's structure?

Back

Personality traits and brain organ strength

Front

Which technological advancement was mentioned as allowing later scientists to study brain activity better?

Back

Electroencephalograph (EEG)

Front

What contradiction arises in the Localizers' theory regarding 'organs' of the brain?

Back

They had no way of observing brain functions directly in 1850

Front

What was the outcome of the debate between Whole Brainers and Localizers in the long run?

Back

Both had elements of truth

Front

According to the passage, why did Dr. Harlow keep Phineas's personality change a secret initially?

Back

He wanted to maintain patient confidentiality