World History Unit 7 24-25

Front

City states in Italy became wealthy from trade was a factor that led to the development of what?

Back

The Renaissance

Answer explanation

Merchants in Italian city-states became wealthy from trade. They had extra income from this trade that they could spend on things they want like artwork. This spending of additional income on the arts really helped the development of the time period referred to as the Renaissance.

Front

What did the changing social views emphasizing individualism/secularism come to be known as? Options: Feminism, Humanism, Individualism, Secularism

Back

Humanism

Answer explanation

Remember humanism focuses on humans and the individual person.

Front

Literary works like The Book of the Courtier emphasized the importance of individuals.

Back

True

Answer explanation

The nature of an ideal courtier is debated between the many characters on the basis of various qualities, such as the need for noble rank, physical prowess, modesty, and pleasant physique, among other attributes. Different characters grant different levels of importance to these various qualities throughout the discussion. The ideal courtier is described as having a cool mind, a good voice (with beautiful, elegant and brave words) along with proper bearing and gestures. At the same time though, the courtier is expected to have a warrior spirit, to be athletic, and have good knowledge of the humanities, classics and fine arts. Over the course of four evenings, members of the court try to describe the perfect gentleman of the court. In the process, they debate the nature of nobility, humor, women, and love.

Front

What event helped contribute to the start of the Renaissance in Europe facilitating the revival of trade with the East?

Back

The Crusades

Answer explanation

As European nobles were fighting in the Middle East during the Crusades, they were introduced to more spices. They continued to want these spices after they returned home to Europe. This will lead Europeans to revive more trade with the East so these nobles could once again have access to spices.

Front

The ideas of Luther’s writings above contributed to the start of the Protestant Reformation because they directly challenged traditional Catholic Church teachings.

Back

True

Answer explanation

Remember Martin Luther believes the Catholic Church has gone astray from what he believes should be happening and wants to reform the Church. This means he wants the Church to change its teachings away from indulgences as a way to get into heaven.

Front

What is a government where religious leaders hold power called?

Back

Theocracy

Answer explanation

A theocracy is where the religious leader has all political power, a modern day example of a theocracy is the Vatican State. The Pope is in spiritual charge of the Catholic Church, but also since WW2 they are also the political head of the Vatican State (which is the nation that houses the Vatican Church complex where the Pope resides)

Front

The literary work by Italian Niccolo Machiavelli called The Prince is still studied today because of its insights into what?

Back

Political Power

Answer explanation

The Prince is all about how a Prince should lead politically. Due to the nature of political power, Machiavelli's work is still studied today by those who work in political science.

Front

How did the Catholic Church respond to religious changes during the Reformation?

Back

They launched the Counter-Reformation.

Answer explanation

The Catholic Church did eventually try to stem the tide of people converting to Protesting denominations by launching the Counter-Reformation and making the changes that early reformers were asking the church to make. This ultimately didn't work overly well because so many people and kingdoms had already broken with the Catholic Church.

Front

Salvation by grace is a new theological doctrine that emerged during the Protestant __________?

Back

Reformation

Answer explanation

Salvation by Grace or that only God decides who is saved and who isn't became a major part of Protestantism during and after the Protestant Reformation. This idea was in contrast to the idea that Catholics received salvation through the Church itself.

Front

How did the Act of Supremacy in 1534 change the religious patterns in England? Options: protecting the monasteries in England from Papal abuses, allowing for the spread of the Lutheran religion to England, making the monarch the head of the church in England, Archbishop of Canterbury as the spiritual leader of England

Back

making the monarch the head of the church in England

Answer explanation

When Henry wanted a divorce from his 1st wife and the Pope wouldn't allow it. Henry officially broke with the Catholic Church and created a Protestant Church called the Church of England where he was the head of the church. By being the head of the church he would have the power to grant himself a divorce from Catherine of Aragon.