AP Gov Judicial Branch

Front

A philosophy of constitutional interpretation that asserts justices should be cautious in overturning laws.

Back

judicial restraint

Front

a philosophy of constitutional interpretation that justices should wield the power of judicial review, sometimes creating bold new policies

Back

judicial activism

Front

A federal court authorized by Article III of the Constitution that keeps judges in office during good behavior and prevents their salaries from being reduced. They are the Supreme Court (created by the Constitution) and appellate and district courts created by Congress.

Back

constitutional courts

Front

The lowest level of the federal judiciary; these courts usually have original jurisdiction in cases that start at the federal level.

Back

district courts

Front

The middle level of the federal judiciary; these courts review and hear appeals from the federal district courts

Back

courts of appeals

Front

The highest level of the federal judiciary, which was established in Article III of the Constitution and serves as the highest court in the nation

Back

supreme courts

Front

A court created by Congress under Article I of the U.S. Constitution whose judges are subject to removal from office and salary reduction.

Back

legislative courts

Front

A question asked of a potential candidate for high office, the answer to which would determine whether the nominating official would proceed with the appointment or nomination.

Back

litmus test

Front

The authority of the Supreme Court to strike down a law or executive action if it conflicts with the Constitution.

Back

judicial review

Front

The primary means to petition the court for review is to ask it to grant a ____________. This is a request that the Supreme Court order a lower court to send up the record of the case for review.

Back

writ of certiorari