Cell Respiration Flashcard

Front

What is the primary function of the molecule that plays a crucial role in providing energy for various cellular processes?

Back

Distributing energy within cells

Answer explanation

The primary function of the molecule, likely ATP, is distributing energy within cells. It provides the necessary energy for various cellular processes, making it essential for cell function.

Front

Process in mitochondria producing large yield of ATP?

Back

Aerobic respiration

Answer explanation

Sophia is referring to aerobic respiration, which occurs in the mitochondria and produces a large yield of ATP. This process uses oxygen to efficiently convert glucose into energy, unlike the other options listed.

Front

What is produced as a waste product during aerobic respiration?

Back

Carbon dioxide

Answer explanation

During aerobic respiration, glucose is broken down with oxygen to produce energy, and carbon dioxide is released as a waste product. Therefore, the correct answer is carbon dioxide.

Front

Characteristic of anaerobic respiration

Back

Occurs in the cytoplasm

Answer explanation

Anaerobic respiration occurs in the cytoplasm, as it does not require oxygen. Unlike aerobic respiration, it produces less ATP and can generate byproducts like lactic acid or ethanol, not just carbon dioxide.

Front

What happens to pyruvate in anaerobic respiration in humans?

Back

It is converted to lactate

Answer explanation

In anaerobic respiration, pyruvate is converted to lactate to regenerate NAD+, allowing glycolysis to continue. This process occurs when oxygen is scarce, such as during intense exercise.

Front

During which stage of cellular respiration is the majority of ATP produced?

Back

Electron transport chain

Answer explanation

The majority of ATP is produced during the electron transport chain, where electrons are transferred through protein complexes, driving ATP synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation. This stage generates the most ATP compared to glycolysis and the Krebs cycle.

Front

Which organisms can perform anaerobic respiration?

Back

Plants, Humans, Yeast

Answer explanation

All of the listed organisms can perform anaerobic respiration. Yeast undergoes fermentation, humans can perform lactic acid fermentation, and some plants can also respire anaerobically under certain conditions.

Front

Which factor can decrease the rate of cellular respiration in a cell?

Back

Low glucose concentration

Front

How does the pH level of the environment affect cellular respiration?

Back

Extreme pH levels can inhibit enzyme activity

Front

What role does temperature play in the efficiency of cellular respiration?

Back

Optimal temperatures enhance enzyme activity involved in respiration