Cell (Plasma) Membrane

Key Components of a Eukaryotic Cell

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Dan Vaughan
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Biology
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Vocational training
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Medium
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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
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A thin, flexible barrier around the cell. Function: Regulates what enters and leaves the cell. Maintains the cell’s internal environment.
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
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Cytoplasm
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A jelly-like fluid inside the cell that contains salts, nutrients, and organelles. Function: Serves as the site for many metabolic reactions and helps move materials around the cell.
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FLASHCARD QUESTION
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Nucleus
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A membrane-bound organelle that houses the cell’s genetic material (DNA). Function: Controls the cell’s activities by regulating gene expression and cell division.
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FLASHCARD QUESTION
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Mitochondria
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Often referred to as the “powerhouses” of the cell. Function: Convert nutrients into ATP (usable energy) through cellular respiration.
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FLASHCARD QUESTION
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Ribosomes
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Tiny complexes made of RNA and proteins. Function: Carry out protein synthesis (they build proteins from amino acids based on the RNA instructions).
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
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Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
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A network of membranes. Rough ER (with ribosomes attached) helps in protein processing and folding. Smooth ER (no ribosomes on its surface) synthesizes lipids and detoxifies certain chemicals.
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
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Golgi Apparatus
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A stack of flattened membranes (like pancakes). Function: Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for delivery to other parts of the cell or for secretion.
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