Mid Term HSB 225 political violence ID TERMS

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Bunker Hill

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. Bunker Hill (1775, Massachusetts)

·        What it is: A major battle near Boston during the American Revolution.

·        Definition: Although the British won, they lost many soldiers in the fight.

·        Significance: It proved that the colonists could stand up to the British, boosting their confidence.

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The Suffolk Resolves

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The Suffolk Resolves (1774, Massachusetts)

·        What it is: A declaration by Massachusetts leaders against British rule after the Coercive Acts.

·        Definition: It urged colonists to resist British laws and form militias.

·        Significance: It helped unite the colonies and set the stage for the American Revolution.

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Peter Oliver

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Peter Oliver (1774, Massachusetts)

·        What it is: A Loyalist judge in Massachusetts.

·        Definition: He was forced to resign by angry revolutionary mobs.

·        Significance: His experience shows how strong anti-British feelings were among the colonists.

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Militia

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Militia (1775, American Colonies)

·        What it is: Groups of ordinary citizens trained to fight when needed.

·        Definition: They were not professional soldiers but fought in early battles like Lexington and Concord.

·        Significance: Militias were crucial in challenging British troops during the Revolution.

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William Gipson

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William Gipson (1777, South Carolina)

·        What it is: A militiaman from South Carolina whose account is recorded in class.

·        Definition: He described how fighting in the South quickly turned into brutal, revenge-driven violence.

·        Significance: His story shows that the war in the South was more about personal vengeance than a pure fight for freedom, unlike the battles in New England.

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Shays’ Rebellion

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Shays’ Rebellion (1786–1787, Massachusetts)

·        What it is: An uprising by farmers led by Daniel Shays.

·        Definition: The farmers rebelled against high taxes and heavy debt.

·        Significance: The rebellion revealed weaknesses in the government under the Articles of Confederation and pushed for a stronger central government.

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Nat Turner

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Nat Turner (1831, Virginia)

·        What it is: An enslaved man who led a rebellion against slavery.

·        Definition: He and his followers attacked white slaveholders, killing many in an attempt to gain freedom.

·        Significance: Although the rebellion was stopped, it led to stricter laws against enslaved people and increased fear among slaveholders.

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Ursuline Convent Riot

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·        What it is: A violent attack by Protestants on a Catholic convent.

·        Definition: A mob burned down the convent out of anti-Catholic and anti-immigrant anger.

·        Significance: It showed growing religious and ethnic tensions in the United States.

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Coercive Acts

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Coercive Acts (1774, American Colonies)

·        What it is: Also called the Intolerable Acts, these were British laws to punish Massachusetts.

·        Definition: They closed Boston’s harbor and reduced colonial self-government after the Boston Tea Party.

·        Significance: These acts united the colonies against Britain and helped spark the American Revolution.

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Dismemberment

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. Dismemberment (1831, Virginia)

·        What it is: A brutal punishment used after slave revolts.

·        Definition: Executed rebels had their bodies cut into pieces to scare others from rebelling.

·        Significance: It was meant to terrorize enslaved people and maintain strict control over them.