Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation(NLUG)

Front

What fundamental scientific principle states that "every object in the universe attracts every other object"?

Back

Law of Universal Gravitation

Answer explanation

The Law of Universal Gravitation, formulated by Isaac Newton, states that every object in the universe attracts every other object with a force proportional to their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Front

Calculate the gravitational force between two objects when they are 0.750 m apart. Each object has a mass of 5.00 kg.

Back

2.96 x 10^-7 N

Answer explanation

Using the formula F = G(m1*m2)/r^2, where G = 6.674x10^-11 N(m/kg)^2, m1 = m2 = 5.00kg, and r = 0.750m, we calculate F to be approximately 2.96x10^-7 N, confirming the correct choice.

Front

Two objects are attracted to each other with a gravitational force of 36 N. What would the force between them be if the distance between them were doubled?

Back

9 N

Answer explanation

According to the inverse square law of gravitation, if the distance is doubled, the force is reduced by a factor of 4. Thus, 36 N / 4 = 9 N. Therefore, the new gravitational force is 9 N.

Front

What two factors affect the magnitude of the gravitational force between objects?

Back

Mass and distance.

Answer explanation

The force of gravity between two objects is determined by their mass and the distance between them. Greater mass increases gravitational force, while greater distance decreases it, making 'mass and distance' the correct factors.

Front

Gravity attracts all objects towards one another.

Back

True

Answer explanation

The statement is true because gravity is a fundamental force that attracts all objects with mass towards each other, regardless of their size or distance.

Front

Complete the following statement: The farther away two planets are, the _______ the gravitational force between them.

Back

less

Answer explanation

The gravitational force between two planets decreases as the distance between them increases, according to Newton's law of universal gravitation. Therefore, the correct completion is 'less'.

Front

Which configuration will result in the greatest gravitational force? Options: small masses far apart, large masses far apart, small masses close together, large masses close together.

Back

Large masses close together.

Answer explanation

The gravitational force is directly proportional to the product of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Therefore, large masses close together create the greatest gravitational force.

Front

What happens to the gravitational force between two objects if both masses are doubled?

Back

4 times bigger

Answer explanation

Gravitational force is proportional to the product of the masses. If both masses are doubled, the force becomes 2m * 2m = 4m^2, which is 4 times bigger than the original force. Thus, the correct answer is 4x bigger.

Front

How is the gravitational force between two objects related to their masses?

Back

They are directly proportional.

Answer explanation

The gravitational force between two objects is directly proportional to their masses, meaning that as the mass of either object increases, the gravitational force also increases, according to Newton's law of universal gravitation.

Front

A 500 kg asteroid is located 3.4 x 10⁷ m from the center of Earth. The mass of Earth is 6.0 x 10²⁴ kg. What is the gravitational force between the asteroid and Earth? F = GMm/r², G = 6.67 x 10^-11

Back

1.73 x 10² N

Answer explanation

Using the formula F = GMm/r², where G = 6.67 x 10^-11, M = 6.0 x 10^24 kg, m = 500 kg, and r = 3.4 x 10^7 m, we calculate F to be approximately 1.73 x 10^2 N, which matches the correct answer.