Electric Current and Circuits

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Electric Current

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A flow of charged particles.

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Conventional Current

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The direction in which a positive test charge moves.

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Electric Circuit

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A closed loop or pathway that allows electric charges to flow.

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Battery

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A device made up of several galvanic cells connected together that converts chemical energy to electrical energy.

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Ampere

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A flow of electrical charge, or electric current, equal to one Coulomb per second (1 C/s).

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Resistance

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The measure of how strongly an object or material impedes the flow of electric charge produced by a potential difference; equal to the potential difference by the current.

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Ohm

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The SI unit of resistance (Ω); 1 Ω is the resistance permitting a current of 1 A to flow when a potential difference of 1 V is applied across the resisting component.

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Resistor

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A device with a specific resistance; may be made of long, thin wires, graphite, or semiconductors and often is used to control the current in circuits or parts of circuits.

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Series Connection

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A type of connection in which there is only a single current path.

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Parallel Connection

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A type of connection in which there are two or more current paths to follow.