Rocks and the Rock Cycle

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What is the rock cycle?

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The rock cycle is a continuous process that describes how rocks change from one type to another over time through processes like melting, cooling, erosion, and sedimentation.

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What are the three main types of rocks?

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The three main types of rocks are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.

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What is an igneous rock?

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Igneous rocks are formed from the cooling and solidification of molten rock (magma or lava). Examples include granite and basalt.

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What is a sedimentary rock?

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Sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation and compaction of mineral and organic particles. They often have layers and can contain fossils. Examples include sandstone and limestone.

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What is a metamorphic rock?

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Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing rocks are changed by heat, pressure, or chemically active fluids. Examples include schist and marble.

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What is weathering?

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Weathering is the process of breaking down rocks into smaller pieces through natural forces like wind, water, and temperature changes.

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What is erosion?

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Erosion is the process by which soil and rock are removed from one location and transported to another, often by water, wind, or ice.

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What is deposition?

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Deposition is the process where sediments are laid down in new locations, often forming layers of sedimentary rock.

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What is compaction?

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Compaction is the process by which sediments are pressed together under pressure, reducing their volume and leading to the formation of sedimentary rock.

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What is cementation?

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Cementation is the process where dissolved minerals crystallize and bind sediment particles together, forming solid rock.