Unit 3 Vocabulary APCSP

Front

Sequential execution in programming refers to the process where instructions are executed in a specific order, one after the other, without any overlap.

Back

Instructions are executed in a specific order, one after the other.

Answer explanation

Sequential execution means that instructions are executed in a specific order, one after the other, without overlap. This directly aligns with the correct choice, distinguishing it from parallel, random, or user input-based execution.

Front

Machine language is:

Back

a low-level programming language

Answer explanation

Machine language is considered a low-level programming language because it consists of binary code that is directly executed by a computer's CPU, making it closer to hardware than high-level languages, which are more abstract.

Front

Parameters in programming are:

Back

values passed to functions

Answer explanation

Parameters in programming refer to values passed to functions, allowing them to receive input and operate on it. This distinguishes them from variables, functions, and errors, making 'values passed to functions' the correct choice.

Front

Unicode

Back

A character encoding standard that encompasses all characters and symbols from all writing systems

Answer explanation

Unicode is a comprehensive character encoding standard that includes characters and symbols from all writing systems, making it the correct choice. The other options incorrectly specify the bit size of code units used.

Front

A Flowchart is used for:

Back

Visualizing processes

Answer explanation

A Flowchart is primarily used for visualizing processes, allowing users to see the steps and decisions involved in a workflow clearly. This makes it easier to understand and communicate complex processes.

Front

What is a variable in programming?

Back

A placeholder that stores data values

Answer explanation

A variable in programming is a placeholder that stores data values, allowing for dynamic data manipulation. It contrasts with fixed values, loops, and functions, which serve different purposes in code.

Front

What is the primary purpose of an assignment operator (`=`) in programming?

Back

To store or update a value in a variable

Answer explanation

The primary purpose of the assignment operator (`=`) is to store or update a value in a variable. It assigns the value on the right to the variable on the left, unlike comparison or arithmetic operations.

Front

Which of these statements about a high-level programming language is true?

Back

It requires translation before a computer can execute it

Answer explanation

High-level programming languages are designed to be human-readable and require translation (compilation or interpretation) into machine code for execution by computers. The other statements are incorrect.

Front

Which operator is used for modular arithmetic?

Back

%

Answer explanation

The % operator is used for modular arithmetic, which calculates the remainder of a division operation. For example, 5 % 2 equals 1, as 5 divided by 2 leaves a remainder of 1.

Front

Which type of error occurs when a program runs but produces incorrect results?

Back

Logic Error

Answer explanation

A logic error occurs when a program runs without crashing but produces incorrect results due to flaws in the algorithm or logic. This distinguishes it from syntax errors, which prevent the program from running, and runtime errors, which cause crashes.