GA 5.0

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Question 1. The "Tattvabodhini Sabha," which played a crucial role in the Bengal Renaissance, was founded by whom?

(A) Debendranath Tagore
(B) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
(C) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
(D) Swami Vivekananda

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Answer: (A) Debendranath Tagore

Explanation:

The Tattvabodhini Sabha was founded in 1839 by Debendranath Tagore, father of Rabindranath Tagore.Debendranath Tagore Joined Brahmo Samaj in 1842

* It was an offshoot of the Brahmo Samaj {Formerly Atmiya sabha(1915)}, originally founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy(Father of Indian Renaissance) in 1828. Book by RRR - "Tuhfat-ul-Muwahhidin" (A Gift to Monotheists).

The Sabha promoted social reforms, scientific thinking, and rationalism in Bengal.

* Keshab Chandra Sen - Joined Brahmo Samaj in 1857.

Introduced progressive reforms like women’s education, inter-caste marriage, and widow remarriage. Left Brahmo Sabha in 1866.

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Who was the first woman Chief Minister of an Indian state?

Who was the first Indian woman to become the President of the UN General Assembly?

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Answer 1: Sucheta Kripalani, Uttar Pradesh, SSC CGL 2020)

Answer 2: Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit, SSC CHSL 2021)

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Question. 1 The Brihadeshwara Temple at Tanjore was built by which ruler? (Asked in SSC CGL 2016, SSC CHSL 2018.)

Question 2. The famous Khajuraho temples were built by which dynasty?SSC CGL 2017, SSC CHSL 2020.

Question 3. The Sun Temple at Konark was built by which ruler?SSC CGL 2018, SSC CHSL 2019.

Question 4. The Kailash Temple at Ellora was built by which ruler?SSC CGL 2019, SSC MTS 2021.

Question 5. Who built the Iron Pillar near Qutub Minar? SSC CGL 2016, SSC CPO 2018.

Question 6. Where is the Virupaksha Temple, a UNESCO World Heritage site, located? SSC CGL 2020, SSC CHSL 2021.

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Answer 1. The Brihadeshwara Temple, also known as the Peruvudaiyar Kovil, was built by Rajaraja Chola I (985-1014 CE) in 1010 AD. It is a part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site "Great Living Chola Temples".

Answer 2.
The Khajuraho Temples, famous for their sculptures and Nagara-style architecture, were built between the 9th and 11th centuries by the Chandela dynasty in Madhya Pradesh.

Answer 3. The Konark Sun Temple, located in Odisha, was built by King Narasimhadeva I of the Eastern Ganga Dynasty in the 13th century.

Answer 4. The Kailash Temple at Ellora, Maharashtra, was built in the 8th century AD by Krishna I of the Rashtrakuta Dynasty

{Info on Rashtrakuta Dynasty - The Rashtrakutas were originally feudatories of the Chalukyas of Badami. Dantidurga (735–756 CE) was the founder of the Rashtrakuta Empire.

🔹 Amoghavarsha I (814–878 CE) – Greatest Rashtrakuta ruler, patron of Kannada literature, wrote Kavirajamarga.
🔹 Indra III (914–928 CE) – Defeated the Pratihara King Mahipala.
🔹 Krishna III (939–967 CE) – Last powerful king, conquered Kanchi and Tanjore.}.

It is a rock-cut monolithic temple dedicated to Lord Shiva.

Answer 5. The Iron Pillar near Qutub Minar, Delhi, was erected by Chandragupta II (Vikramaditya) of the Gupta Empire in the 4th century AD. It is famous for its rust-resistant composition.

Answer 6. The Virupaksha Temple is located in Hampi, Karnataka and is dedicated to Lord Shiva. It was built during the Vijayanagara Empire and is a part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site. Krishna deva raya expanded this temple.
SSC Exam Relevance:
* There is another Virupaksha Temple (Dedicated to Lord Shiva) Built by Chalukyas, Queen Lokamaha devi (Wife of Vikramaditya II) at Pattadakal, Karnataka. It is also a UNESCO Heritage site.
This temple is inspired by the Kailashnath Temple at Kanchipuram (Built by Pallav)

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Question 1. Durgapur Steel Plant was set up with the assistance of which country? )

Question 2. Bhilai Steel Plant was established with the collaboration of which country?

Question 3. Rourkela Steel Plant was established with the collaboration of which country? (Answer: Germany, SSC CHSL 2019)

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(Answer: United Kingdom, SSC CGL 2018

(Answer: Soviet Union (USSR), SSC CGL 2017)

(Answer: Germany, SSC CHSL 2019)

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The famous "Battle of Colachel" (1741) was fought between the Kingdom of Travancore and which European power?

(A) British
(B) Dutch
(C) Portuguese
(D) French

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Answer: (B) Dutch

Explanation:

The Battle of Colachel (1741) was fought between the Travancore Kingdom (led by Marthanda Varma) and the Dutch East India Company.

It was the first major defeat of a European colonial power by an Indian kingdom.

It marked the decline of Dutch influence in India.

Ques Who was the founder of the Travancore Kingdom? (Answer: Marthanda Varma, SSC CGL 2018)

Ques. Which treaty ended the First Anglo-Mysore War? (Answer: Treaty of Madras, SSC CPO 2019)

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Question 1. The "Bohr Magneton" is a unit Associated with which physical quantity?

(A) Magnetic Moment
(B) Electric Charge
(C) Luminous Intensity
(D) Angular Momentum

Question 2. What is the SI unit of magnetic flux? Asked in SSC CGL 2017, SSC CHSL 2019.

Question 3. The SI unit of permeability (μ) is:

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Answer 1: (A) Magnetic Moment. The Bohr Magneton (μB) is a fundamental physical constant used to measure the magnetic moment of an electron due to its spin or orbital motion.

Answer 2: Weber

Answer 3: Henry per meter

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1. The Nathula Pass connects India with which country?

2. In which state is the Zoji La Pass located?

3. Lipulekh Pass connects India with which country?

4. Which pass connects Himachal Pradesh with Ladakh?

5. Which mountain pass connects Arunachal Pradesh with China?

6. The Shipki La Pass is located in which Indian state?

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1. Nathula Pass is located in Sikkim and connects India with Tibet (China).

2. Zoji La Pass (Gateway of Laddakh) is a high mountain pass located in the Union Territory of Ladakh on the Srinagar-Leh highway (NH-1).

3. Lipulekh Pass is located in Uttarakhand and connects India with Tibet (China).

It is used as a route for the Kailash Mansarovar Yatra.

4. Rohtang Pass is located in Himachal Pradesh and connects Kullu Valley with Lahaul & Spiti Valley. It is an important link between Himachal Pradesh and Ladakh.

5. Bomdi La Pass is located in Arunachal Pradesh and connects Tawang with Tibet (China).

6. Shipki La Pass is located in Himachal Pradesh and is an important trade route between India and Tibet (China).

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Mock Test Question (Vijayanagara Empire)

Which of the following statements about the Vijayanagara Empire is correct?

(a) The first ruling dynasty of the empire was the Saluva dynasty.
(b) The Battle of Talikota (1565) was fought during the reign of Sri Ranga II.
(c) Aliya Rama Raya was the ruler of Vijayanagara during the Battle of Talikota.
(d) The Aravidu dynasty was the second ruling dynasty of Vijayanagara.

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✅ Correct Answer: (c) Aliya Rama Raya was the ruler of Vijayanagara during the Battle of Talikota.

The Vijayanagara Empire, founded in 1336, had four ruling dynasties:

* Sangama Dynasty (1336–1485) – Founded by Harihara I and Bukka I.

* Saluva Dynasty (1485–1505) – A short-lived ruling house.

* Tuluva Dynasty (1505–1570) – Included the empire’s most famous ruler, Krishnadevaraya.

* Aravidu Dynasty (1570–1646) – The last ruling house, founded after the Battle of Talikota (1565).

The Battle of Talikota (1565) was a turning point in South Indian history. Aliya Rama Raya, a ruler from the Tuluva dynasty, led Vijayanagara against the combined forces of the Deccan Sultanates (Bijapur, Ahmadnagar, Golconda, and Bidar). He was captured and executed, leading to the empire’s decline.

🔹 Sri Ranga II, mentioned in option (b), belonged to the later Aravidu dynasty and ruled much after the battle.

🔹 The Aravidu dynasty (option d) was the fourth and last dynasty, not the second.

🔹 The first ruling dynasty (option a) was the Sangama dynasty, not the Saluva dynasty.

Additional Facts

The capital of Vijayanagara was Hampi, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The empire was known for its military strength, temple architecture, and extensive trade networks.

Kudirei Chetti, mentioned in historical sources, is linked to Vijayanagara’s economic activities. The Virupaksha Temple in Hampi is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site as part of the "Group of Monuments at Hampi", recognized in 1986.. Expanded by KDR of Tulva Dynasty.

Question : Which Portuguese travelers visited Vijayanagara during Krishna Deva Raya's reign?

Answer : Domingo Paes & Fernão Nunes

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Mock Test Question (Rabi Crops)

Which of the following consists only of Rabi crops?

(a) Maize and peas
(b) Paddy and cotton
(c) Wheat and jowar
(d) Barley and gram

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Mock Test Question (Tenures and Age Limits of Constitutional Posts in India)

Which of the following statements about the tenure and age limits of constitutional positions in India is correct?

(a) The Vice President of India is elected for a period of 6 years.
(b) A Supreme Court judge retires at the age of 62 years.
(c) The Chairman of the Election Commission of India (ECI), UPSC, and SPSC has a tenure of 6 years or until the age of 65 years (whichever is earlier).
(d) The Vice President of India is the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.

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✅ Correct Answer: (c) The Chairman of the Election Commission of India (ECI), UPSC, and SPSC has a tenure of 6 years or until the age of 65 years (whichever is earlier).