Scientific Method and Experimental Design

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scientific method

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A series of steps to test a hypothesis.

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independent variable

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A factor that is purposely changed by the scientist.

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dependent variable

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A factor that is measured in an experiment; changes as a result of the independent variable.

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control variable

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A factor that is constant throughout a study or experiment; does not affect the dependent variable.

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hypothesis

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An explanation or educated guess between two variables.

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mean

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The average of a sample.

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data table

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Information shown in rows or columns.

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qualitative data

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Information that cannot be counted, measured, or expressed easily using numbers.

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quantitative data

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Information that can be counted or measured with numbers.

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graph

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A diagram showing the relationship between different variables.