Keystone Species

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What is a keystone species?

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A keystone species is a species that has a disproportionately large effect on its environment relative to its abundance. Its presence or absence can significantly impact the ecosystem.

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How do keystone species affect biodiversity?

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Keystone species help maintain the structure of an ecological community, influencing the types and numbers of other species in the ecosystem, thus promoting biodiversity.

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What is the role of wolves in Yellowstone National Park?

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Wolves are a keystone species in Yellowstone, controlling the elk population, which in turn helps maintain the health of the vegetation and overall ecosystem.

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What happens to an ecosystem when a keystone species is removed?

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The removal of a keystone species can lead to dramatic shifts in the ecosystem, often resulting in overpopulation of certain species and decline of others, leading to reduced biodiversity.

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What is trophic cascade?

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A trophic cascade is an ecological phenomenon triggered by the addition or removal of top predators, which causes changes in the population sizes of species at lower trophic levels.

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How did the absence of wolves affect elk behavior in Yellowstone?

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Without wolves, elk became less cautious and settled in one place, leading to overgrazing in certain areas.

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What impact did increased elk populations have on plant life in Yellowstone?

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Increased elk populations led to a decline in trees and plants due to overgrazing.

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What is the significance of elephant dung in ecosystems?

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Elephant dung helps spread seeds and provides nutrients to the soil, playing a crucial role in maintaining the health of the ecosystem.

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What is the relationship between parrotfish and coral reefs?

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Parrotfish help control algae growth on coral reefs; when they are overfished, macroalgae can dominate, harming the reef ecosystem.

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What is an example of a keystone species in a marine ecosystem?

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Sea otters are a keystone species in kelp forest ecosystems; they control sea urchin populations, which helps maintain kelp health.