The Enlightenment Pt. I

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What inspired the philosophical movement in Europe during the 1600-1700s?

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The movement was inspired by the Scientific Revolution, The English Civil War, and the English Bill of Rights.

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What did philosophers start to question during this movement?

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Philosophers started to question the nature of power and the role of a government.

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An English philosopher, author of The Leviathan (1651), who believed in a strong central government and that only an absolute monarchy can prevent chaos.

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Who was Thomas Hobbes?

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An English philosopher, author of Two Treatises of Government (1689), who believed that governments should protect people's natural rights: Life, Liberty, and Property.

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Who was John Locke?

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A French philosopher, author of The Spirit of Laws (1748), who advocated for the separation of powers and three branches of government: Executive, Legislative, and Judicial.

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Who was Baron de Montesquieu?

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A Swiss philosopher, author of The Social Contract (1762), who believed that governments and laws gain their authority from the will of the people.

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Who was Jean-Jacques Rousseau?

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A French philosopher, author of Candide (1762) and Treatise on Tolerance (1763), who believed in freedom of expression (speech) and religious tolerance.

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Who was Voltaire?