DNA Structure and Function

Front

structure of DNA

Back

double helix / Twisted Ladder

two cross connected strands – uprights – composed of sugars (deoxyribose), connected by phosphate groups.

Steps are pairs of nitrogenous bases

Front

the genetic code

Back

order of Base pairs in a strand of DNA

Front

How bases pair in DNA

Back

A always pairs with T

G always pairs with C.

Front

Gene

Back

A section of DNA which codes for a protein

Front

Intergenic DNA?

Back

Large stretches of DNA between genes

Front

Central Dogma

Back

DNA (in the nucleus) makes RNA,

RNA (at the ribosome) makes protein.

Front

transcription

Back

nucleus copies the instructions on the sense strand of DNA into a strand of messenger RNA (mRNA).

Front

mRNA

Back

mRNA carries information from the nucleus to the ribosome for protein production.

Front

Translation

Back

Building the protein molecule at the ribosome from mRNA

Front

Mutation

Back

Any change in base sequence (DNA or RNA), chromosome structure, or chromosome number