Unit 6 Urban (Services & Cities) Geography AP Human Frump

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Basic business

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A business that sells its products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement.

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Blockbusting

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A process by which real estate agents convince white property owners to sell their houses at low prices because of fear that black families will soon move into the neighborhood. Led to 'White flight'.

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Borchert's Epochs of Transportation

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Four time periods of transportation: 1) Sail-Wagon Epoch (1790-1830) - associated with low technology, 2) Iron Horse Epoch (1830-70); steam-powered locomotive & spreading rails, 3) Steel-Rail Epoch (1870-1920); full impact of Ind. Rev. (steel), hinterlands expand, 4) Auto-Air-Amenity Epoch (1920-70); gas-powered internal combustion engine. High Technology Epoch (1970-today); expansion of service & information industries (not part of Borchert's model).

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Brownfields

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Abandoned polluted industrial sites in central cities, many of which are today being cleaned and redeveloped.

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CBD

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Central Business District.

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Census Tract

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Urban areas divided into 5,000 residents each by the US Census.

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Central Place Theory

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Theory that seeks to explain the number, size, and location of human settlements in an urban system.

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Counter-Urbanization

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Net migration from urban to rural areas in MDCs.

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Deindustrialization

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Loss of industrial activity in a region.

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Density Gradient

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The change in density in an urban area from the center to the periphery.