Ecology Vocabulary

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Ecosystem

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A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.

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Abiotic

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Non-living chemical and physical parts of the environment that affect living organisms and the functioning of ecosystems.

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Biotic

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Living components of an ecosystem; for example organisms, such as plants and animals.

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Producers

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Organisms that produce their own food; also known as autotrophs.

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Autotrophs

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Organisms that produce their own food from inorganic substances, like plants using photosynthesis.

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Consumers

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Organisms that obtain energy by feeding on other organisms; also known as heterotrophs.

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Heterotrophs

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Organisms that cannot produce their own food and rely on consuming other organisms.

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Herbivore

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An animal that feeds on plants.

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Carnivore

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An animal that feeds on other animals.

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Omnivore

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An animal or person that eats a variety of food of both plant and animal origin.