Semantic Terms & Definitions

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Semantics

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the study of linguistic meaning, including synonyms, antonyms, and homonyms

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Synonyms

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words which are similar in meaning

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Antonyms

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words which are opposite in meaning

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Homonyms

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words with the same spelling or pronunciation but different meanings and origins

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Semantic Ambiguity

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the individual meaning of words has been resolved, but the context is needed for understanding

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Morphology

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study of words, how they are formed, and their relationship to other words in the same language

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Morpheme

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each unit of meaningful language that comprises a word and cannot be further divided without losing meaning (includes stems, root, base words, prefixes, and suffixes)

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Cognates

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words from different languages that are spelled the same (true cognates) or almost the same (partial cognates), pronounced similarly or the same, and share similar meaning

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False Cognates

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words from different languages that are spelled the same or nearly the same but have different meanings

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Lexicon

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can refer to the personal knowledge that a speaker has about the form and meaning of words and phrases within a language or the complete written lexicon of a language itself