Types of Rocks and Minerals

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Sedimentary rock

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These form over time as clasts are squeezed and cemented together.

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Felsic magma

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Produces silica rich rocks.

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Mineral

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A naturally occurring inorganic solid with a crystal structure and a characteristic chemical composition.

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Non-Foliated

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Crystals have more random orientation.

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Cementation

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Water between the clasts with dissolved minerals cemented together.

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Igneous rock

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Formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.

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Mafic magma

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Produces rocks that are rich in magnesium and iron.

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Metamorphic rock

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Formed from the alteration of existing rock through heat, pressure, or chemically active fluids.

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Clast

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A fragment of rock or mineral that has been transported from its original location.

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Foliated

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Rocks that have a layered or banded appearance due to the alignment of minerals.