Genetics

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What is genetics?

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Genetics is the study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics.

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What is a genotype?

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A genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, representing the alleles inherited from its parents.

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What is a phenotype?

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A phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype.

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What does homozygous mean?

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Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene.

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What does heterozygous mean?

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Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene.

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What is a dominant allele?

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A dominant allele is an allele that expresses its trait even when only one copy is present.

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What is a recessive allele?

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A recessive allele is an allele that expresses its trait only when two copies are present.

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What is a Punnett square?

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A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles.

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What is the probability of offspring inheriting a trait?

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The probability of offspring inheriting a trait can be calculated using ratios from a Punnett square.

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What is a chromosome?

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A chromosome is a long strand of DNA that contains many genes and is found in the nucleus of a cell.