Bio: Ch. 14.1 & 14.2- Protein synthesis

Front

What is the main function of tRNA?

Back

The main function of tRNA is to bring amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes.

Front

What is the process of going from DNA to mRNA called?

Back

The process to go from DNA to mRNA is called transcription.

Front

What is the three base sequence of mRNA that codes for a single amino acid?

Back

The three base sequence of mRNA that codes for a single amino acid is called a codon.

Front

How many different amino acids are there?

Back

There are a total of 20 different amino acids.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where protein synthesis occurs, translating mRNA into amino acid sequences.

Front

What is mRNA?

Back

mRNA, or messenger RNA, is a type of RNA that carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the difference between transcription and translation?

Back

Transcription is the process of synthesizing mRNA from DNA, while translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA.

Front

What is an anticodon?

Back

An anticodon is a three-base sequence on tRNA that is complementary to a codon on mRNA.

Front

What is the significance of codons in mRNA?

Back

Codons in mRNA specify which amino acids will be added during protein synthesis.

Front

What is the structure of tRNA?

Back

tRNA has a cloverleaf structure that allows it to carry amino acids and recognize codons on mRNA.