Statistics & Probability Fun Flashcard

Front

What is a normal distribution?

Back

A normal distribution is a probability distribution that is symmetric about the mean, showing that data near the mean are more frequent in occurrence than data far from the mean.

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What is a Z-score?

Back

A Z-score indicates how many standard deviations an element is from the mean. It is calculated as (X - μ) / σ, where X is the value, μ is the mean, and σ is the standard deviation.

Front

What does a negative Z-score indicate?

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A negative Z-score indicates that the value is below the mean of the data set.

Front

What is the area under the normal curve?

Back

The area under the normal curve represents the total probability of all outcomes, which is equal to 1.

Front

What is the mean in a data set?

Back

The mean is the average of all data points in a set, calculated by summing all values and dividing by the number of values.

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What is standard deviation?

Back

Standard deviation is a measure of the amount of variation or dispersion in a set of values.

Front

What is the purpose of sampling techniques?

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Sampling techniques are used to select a subset of individuals from a population to estimate characteristics of the whole population.

Front

What is a simple random sample?

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A simple random sample is a sampling method where each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected.

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What is stratified sampling?

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Stratified sampling involves dividing the population into subgroups (strata) and taking a sample from each stratum.

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What is cluster sampling?

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Cluster sampling involves dividing the population into clusters (usually geographically) and then randomly selecting entire clusters.