Ecology Test Review AP Biology

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What is Batesian mimicry?

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A form of mimicry where a harmless species resembles a harmful one to avoid predation.

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What is Mullerian mimicry?

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A form of mimicry where two or more harmful species resemble each other, reinforcing predator avoidance.

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What is cryptic coloration?

Back

A form of camouflage that allows an organism to blend in with its environment.

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What is aposematic coloration?

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Bright coloration in animals that warns predators of their toxicity.

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What is a tertiary consumer?

Back

An organism that is at the top of the food chain, feeding on secondary consumers.

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What is primary succession?

Back

The process of ecological change that occurs in an area where no soil exists, starting with pioneer species.

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What are pioneer species?

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Species that are the first to colonize previously disrupted or damaged ecosystems, such as lichen in primary succession.

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What is secondary succession?

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The process of ecological change that occurs in an area where soil is present but has been disturbed.

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How much energy is available at the second trophic level if 22,000 J enters the ecosystem at the first trophic level?

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2,200 J, as energy decreases by approximately 90% at each trophic level.

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What is the 10% rule in ecology?

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Only about 10% of the energy from one trophic level is transferred to the next level.