Front

What are the main functions of bones?

Back

1. Protection of vital organs 2. Blood cell formation (hematopoiesis) 3. Storage of minerals (like calcium and phosphorus) 4. Support for the body structure and framework

Front

What is the axial skeleton?

Back

The axial skeleton consists of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage. It provides support and protection for the brain, spinal cord, and thoracic organs.

Front

How many bones are in the adult human skeleton?

Back

The adult human skeleton is composed of 206 bones.

Front

What type of bones are the vertebrae classified as?

Back

The vertebrae are classified as irregular bones due to their complex shapes.

Front

What causes bone markings?

Back

Bone markings are caused by the attachment of muscles, tendons, and ligaments, as well as the passage of nerves and blood vessels.

Front

What is the appendicular skeleton?

Back

The appendicular skeleton includes the bones of the limbs (arms and legs) and the girdles (shoulder and pelvic) that connect them to the axial skeleton.

Front

What is the role of osteoblasts in bone tissue?

Back

Osteoblasts are cells responsible for bone formation; they synthesize and secrete the bone matrix.

Front

What is the difference between compact bone and spongy bone?

Back

Compact bone is dense and forms the outer layer of bones, providing strength. Spongy bone is lighter and contains trabecular structures, found mainly at the ends of long bones and in the interior of others.

Front

What is the significance of bone remodeling?

Back

Bone remodeling is the process of bone renewal that allows for the repair of micro-damage, adaptation to stress, and regulation of calcium levels in the body.

Front

What are the major types of joints in the human body?

Back

1. Hinge joints (e.g., elbow) 2. Ball-and-socket joints (e.g., shoulder) 3. Pivot joints (e.g., neck) 4. Saddle joints (e.g., thumb) 5. Gliding joints (e.g., wrist)