Early 19th Century American History

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Frigate

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A fast, medium-sized warship.

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Jurisdiction

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The power or right to interpret and apply a law.

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Judiciary Act of 1801

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Set up a system of courts. John Adams used the act to make hundreds of appointments during his last days in office. Adams wanted the Federalists to control the courts.

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Marbury v. Madison

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It was the first U.S. Supreme Court case to apply the principle of 'judicial review.' John Marshall claimed for the courts the power to find acts of other branches unconstitutional.

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Secede

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To withdraw or break away from a nation or organization; to officially leave an organization.

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Louisiana Territory

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The area located west of the Mississippi River. It was controlled by the Spanish and spanned 828,000 square miles.

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Napoleon Bonaparte

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France's leader who sent troops to gain control of Saint-Domingue but failed. He sold the Louisiana Territory to the United States.

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Lewis and Clark

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Led an expedition to find a water route across North America and explore west of the Mississippi River.

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Louisiana Purchase (1803)

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Land that was purchased to help start westward expansion and exploration for a Northwest water route.

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Toussaint L'Ouverture

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He led enslaved Africans and other laborers in Saint-Domingue in a revolt against the island's plantation owners.