DNA structure, discovery, and replication

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA is a double helix composed of two strands of nucleotides twisted around each other.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G).

Front

What is the base pairing rule in DNA?

Back

Adenine pairs with Thymine (A-T) and Cytosine pairs with Guanine (C-G).

Front

What is a nucleotide composed of?

Back

A nucleotide consists of a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What type of bond holds the two strands of DNA together?

Back

Hydrogen bonds hold the nitrogenous bases of the two strands together.

Front

What is the process of DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication is the process by which a DNA molecule makes a copy of itself before cell division.

Front

What enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during replication?

Back

Helicase is the enzyme that unwinds the DNA double helix.

Front

What is the role of DNA polymerase in DNA replication?

Back

DNA polymerase synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA contains deoxyribose sugar and is double-stranded, while RNA contains ribose sugar and is single-stranded.

Front

What are the three types of RNA and their functions?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries genetic information, tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to ribosomes, rRNA (ribosomal RNA) makes up the ribosome.