Dependent vs. Independent Clauses

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What is an independent clause?

Back

An independent clause is a group of words that can stand alone as a complete sentence. It has a subject and a verb and expresses a complete thought.

Front

What is a dependent clause?

Back

A dependent clause is a group of words that cannot stand alone as a complete sentence. It has a subject and a verb but does not express a complete thought.

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Example of an independent clause:

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She made brownies for our class.

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Example of a dependent clause:

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Although she made brownies for our class.

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What does a dependent clause often start with?

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A dependent clause often starts with a subordinating conjunction, such as 'because', 'although', 'since', or 'if'.

Front

Identify the clause: 'Because I was hungry, I made a simple dinner with eggs.'

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Independent (main) clause: 'I made a simple dinner with eggs.'

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Identify the clause: 'Although she made brownies for our class.'

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Dependent clause.

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What is the role of an independent clause in a sentence?

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An independent clause can function as a complete sentence and can also be part of a larger sentence.

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What is the role of a dependent clause in a sentence?

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A dependent clause adds information to an independent clause but cannot stand alone.

Front

Identify the clause: 'Sam needs new glasses since he can’t see far off things.'

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Dependent (subordinate) clause: 'since he can’t see far off things.'