Unit 1: Atomic Structure

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Element

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A pure substance consisting of only one type of atom.

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Compound

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A substance formed when two or more chemical elements are chemically bonded together.

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Molecule

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A group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound.

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Atom

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The basic unit of a chemical element.

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Neutron

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A subatomic particle of about the same mass as a proton but without an electric charge, present in all atomic nuclei except those of ordinary hydrogen.

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Proton

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A stable subatomic particle occurring in all atomic nuclei, with a positive electric charge equal in magnitude to that of an electron.

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Electron

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A stable subatomic particle with a charge of negative electricity, found in all atoms and acting as the primary carrier of electricity in solids.

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Isotope

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Variants of a particular chemical element which differ in neutron number, and consequently in nucleon number.

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Symbol

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A notation of one or two letters representing a chemical element.

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Atomic number

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The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the chemical properties of an element and its place in the periodic table.