Logical Fallacies #1

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Burden of Proof

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The obligation to prove one's assertion or claim. In a debate, the person making a claim must provide evidence to support it.

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False Analogy

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A fallacy that occurs when an analogy is drawn between two things that are not comparable in relevant aspects.

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False Dilemma

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A logical fallacy that presents only two options or outcomes when, in fact, more options exist.

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Hasty Generalization

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A fallacy that involves drawing a conclusion based on insufficient or biased evidence, often from a small sample.

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False Authority

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A fallacy that occurs when someone is cited as an authority on a topic without having the relevant expertise or credentials.

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Ad Hominem

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A fallacy that attacks the person making an argument rather than addressing the argument itself.

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Circular Reasoning

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A logical fallacy in which the conclusion is included in the premise, leading to no real argument.

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Post Hoc

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A fallacy that assumes that because one event occurred after another, the first event caused the second.

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Red Herring

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A fallacy that introduces an irrelevant topic to divert attention from the original issue.

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Anecdotal Evidence

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Using personal stories or isolated examples instead of sound reasoning or compelling evidence.