Comparative Anatomy

Front

What is genetic variation?

Back

Genetic variation refers to the differences in DNA sequences among individuals within a population, which is crucial for natural selection as it provides the raw material for evolution.

Front

Why is genetic variation important for natural selection?

Back

It provides a basis for traits to be selected for or against, allowing populations to adapt to changing environments.

Front

What are homologous structures?

Back

Homologous structures are body parts that share a similar structure but may have different functions, indicating a common ancestry.

Front

What are analogous structures?

Back

Analogous structures are body parts that have similar functions but different origins, suggesting that organisms independently evolved similar adaptations.

Front

What do vestigial structures indicate?

Back

Vestigial structures are remnants of organs or structures that were functional in ancestral species but are no longer useful, indicating evolutionary change.

Front

What is the significance of comparing hemoglobin among species?

Back

Comparing hemoglobin can reveal evolutionary relationships; for example, humans have the fewest amino acid differences with chimpanzees, indicating a closer evolutionary relationship.

Front

What is natural selection?

Back

Natural selection is the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

Front

What is the difference between homologous and analogous structures?

Back

Homologous structures arise from a common ancestor and have similar structures, while analogous structures arise independently and have similar functions.

Front

What role do mutations play in genetic variation?

Back

Mutations introduce new genetic variations into a population, which can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral, influencing natural selection.

Front

How do environmental factors influence natural selection?

Back

Environmental factors such as climate, food availability, and predators can affect which traits are advantageous, shaping the direction of natural selection.