Nephron Structure review

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What is the function of the Nephron?

Back

The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering blood, reabsorbing essential substances, and excreting waste as urine.

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What is Bowman's Capsule?

Back

Bowman's Capsule is a cup-like structure that encases the glomerulus and is the site where filtration of blood begins in the nephron.

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What is the role of the Glomerulus?

Back

The glomerulus is a network of capillaries that filters blood, allowing water, ions, and small molecules to pass into Bowman's Capsule while retaining larger molecules like proteins.

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What is the Proximal Convoluted Tubule?

Back

The Proximal Convoluted Tubule is the first segment of the renal tubule where the majority of reabsorption of water, ions, and nutrients occurs.

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What is the Descending Loop of Henle?

Back

The Descending Loop of Henle is a part of the nephron that allows for the passive reabsorption of water, making the filtrate more concentrated.

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What is the Ascending Loop of Henle?

Back

The Ascending Loop of Henle is impermeable to water and actively transports sodium and chloride ions out of the filtrate, diluting it.

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What is the Distal Convoluted Tubule?

Back

The Distal Convoluted Tubule is involved in the selective reabsorption of sodium and calcium ions and the secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions.

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What is the Collecting Duct?

Back

The Collecting Duct is the final segment of the nephron that collects urine from multiple nephrons and is involved in the regulation of water and electrolyte balance.

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What are Vasa Recta?

Back

Vasa Recta are capillaries that supply blood to the renal medulla and play a crucial role in maintaining the osmotic gradient necessary for urine concentration.

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What is the role of the Renal Artery?

Back

The Renal Artery carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the kidneys for filtration.