Investigating Data and Statistical Reasoning

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What is a measure of central tendency?

Back

A measure of central tendency is a statistical measure that identifies a single value as representative of an entire dataset. Common measures include mean, median, and mode.

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What is the mean?

Back

The mean is the average of a set of numbers, calculated by adding all the values together and dividing by the number of values.

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What is a measure of variability?

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A measure of variability indicates how spread out the values in a dataset are. Common measures include range, variance, and standard deviation.

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What is standard deviation?

Back

Standard deviation is a measure of the amount of variation or dispersion in a set of values. A low standard deviation means that the values tend to be close to the mean.

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How do you calculate the standard deviation?

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To calculate the standard deviation, find the mean of the dataset, subtract the mean from each data point, square the results, find the average of those squared differences, and then take the square root.

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What is variance?

Back

Variance is the average of the squared differences from the mean. It measures how far a set of numbers is spread out from their average value.

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How do you calculate variance?

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To calculate variance, find the mean of the dataset, subtract the mean from each data point, square the results, and then find the average of those squared differences.

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What is the range of a dataset?

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The range is the difference between the highest and lowest values in a dataset. It provides a measure of how spread out the values are.

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If a number is added to the set that is in the middle of the data, how does this affect the range?

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The range stays the same because the highest and lowest values do not change.

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What is the median?

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The median is the middle value of a dataset when the numbers are arranged in order. If there is an even number of observations, the median is the average of the two middle numbers.