Front

What are the characteristics of acidic side chains in amino acids?

Back

Acidic side chains have a carboxyl group that can lose a proton, forming a carboxylate ion, which is negatively charged at neutral pH.

Front

Which amino acid belongs to Group A with a non-polar side chain and an aromatic hydrocarbon ring?

Back

Phenylalanine (Phe, F) is the amino acid with a non-polar side chain and an aromatic hydrocarbon ring.

Front

Identify an amino acid from Group A that has a non-polar side chain containing an aliphatic hydrocarbon group.

Back

Valine (Val, V) has a non-polar side chain containing an aliphatic hydrocarbon group.

Front

What defines basic side chains in amino acids?

Back

Basic side chains are positively charged at pH 7 and often contain a guanidine group.

Front

Which amino acid is classified under Group D with a basic side chain?

Back

Arginine is classified under Group D with a basic side chain.

Front

What is the significance of the thiol group (-SH) in amino acids?

Back

The thiol group (-SH) is characteristic of cysteine, which is a neutral polar amino acid.

Front

Name the amino acid that contains a thiol group and is classified under Group B.

Back

Cysteine (Cys, C) contains a thiol group and is classified under Group B.

Front

What is the role of carboxyl groups in acidic amino acids?

Back

Carboxyl groups in acidic amino acids can donate protons, contributing to their acidic nature.

Front

Which amino acid is known for its aliphatic side chain and is essential for protein structure?

Back

Leucine (Leu, L) is known for its aliphatic side chain and is essential for protein structure.

Front

What distinguishes polar amino acids from non-polar amino acids?

Back

Polar amino acids have side chains that can form hydrogen bonds with water, while non-polar amino acids have hydrophobic side chains.