Basic Genetics Review

Front

What does it mean if a trait is homozygous?

Back

The alleles for the trait are the same.

Front

What is the term for the observable characteristics of an organism?

Back

Phenotype

Front

What does it mean if a trait is heterozygous?

Back

The alleles for the trait are different.

Front

What is a gene?

Back

A segment of DNA that codes for a particular protein, leading to a specific trait.

Front

What is a dominant trait?

Back

A trait that always shows up in the organism's phenotype.

Front

What is a recessive trait?

Back

A trait that is masked by a dominant trait and only shows when both alleles are recessive.

Front

What are alleles?

Back

Different forms of a gene that can exist at a specific locus.

Front

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup, while phenotype refers to the observable traits.

Front

What is a Punnett square used for?

Back

To predict the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.

Front

What is the significance of the term 'homozygous recessive'?

Back

It refers to having two identical recessive alleles for a trait.