Acids and Bases

Front

What is the definition of an acid?

Back

An acid is a substance that donates protons (H⁺) in a solution and has a pH less than 7.

Front

What is the definition of a base?

Back

A base is a substance that accepts protons (H⁺) or donates hydroxide ions (OH^-) in a solution and has a pH greater than 7.

Front

What is the pH scale?

Back

The pH scale is a logarithmic scale used to measure the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic), with 7 being neutral.

Front

How do you calculate pH from [H⁺] concentration?

Back

pH = -log[H⁺]

Front

What is the relationship between pH and pOH?

Back

pH + pOH = 14.

Front

What is a neutral solution?

Back

A neutral solution has a pH of 7, meaning it is neither acidic nor basic.

Front

What happens to litmus paper in an acidic solution?

Back

Blue litmus paper turns red in an acidic solution.

Front

What happens to litmus paper in a basic solution?

Back

Red litmus paper turns blue in a basic solution.

Front

What is phenolphthalein used for?

Back

Phenolphthalein is a pH indicator that turns pink in basic solutions and is colorless in acidic solutions.

Front

What is the formula for calculating [H⁺] from pH?

Back

[H⁺] = 10^-pH.