AP Chemistry - THOU SHALT NOT FORGET

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What is the measurement of a standard burette?

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A standard burette typically measures 50 mL, but can also be found in 25 mL, 100 mL, and other sizes.

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How do you calculate the formal charge of an atom in a molecule?

Back

Formal charge = (Valence electrons) - (Non-bonding electrons) - (Bonding electrons/2).

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Describe the relationship between pressure (P) and volume (V) in gases.

Back

Pressure (P) and volume (V) are inversely related according to Boyle's Law: as one increases, the other decreases.

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What is the definition of enthalpy (H)?

Back

Enthalpy (H) is a measure of the total heat content of a system, defined as H = U + PV, where U is internal energy.

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What is the significance of the Gibbs free energy equation?

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What is the principle of Le Chatelier's principle?

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Le Chatelier's principle states that if a system at equilibrium is disturbed, the system will shift in a direction that counteracts the disturbance.

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Define entropy (S) in thermodynamics.

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Entropy (S) is a measure of the disorder or randomness in a system; higher entropy indicates greater disorder.