populations and sample inferences

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What is a population in statistics?

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A population is the entire group of individuals or items that we want to study or draw conclusions about.

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What is a sample in statistics?

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A sample is a subset of the population that is selected for analysis to make inferences about the population.

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What is a random sample?

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A random sample is a sample that is selected from the population in such a way that every individual has an equal chance of being chosen.

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Why is it important to have a random sample?

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A random sample helps to ensure that the results of a study are representative of the population, reducing bias.

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What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative data?

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Qualitative data describes characteristics or qualities (e.g., colors, flavors), while quantitative data involves numerical values (e.g., counts, measurements).

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What is an inference in statistics?

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An inference is a conclusion or prediction about a population based on information obtained from a sample.

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What does it mean to generalize results from a sample to a population?

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To generalize results means to apply findings from a sample to the larger population from which the sample was drawn.

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What is a biased sample?

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A biased sample is one that does not accurately represent the population, leading to skewed results.

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How can you determine if a sample is representative of a population?

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A sample is representative if it reflects the characteristics of the population, such as age, gender, and preferences.

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What is the purpose of conducting surveys in research?

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Surveys are used to gather information about people's opinions, behaviors, or characteristics to make informed decisions.