AP Chemistry--Acid Base Equilibria

Front

What is the value of the ion product constant of water (K_w)?

Back

1.0 x 10^-14

Front

What are the characteristics of a base?

Back

Tastes bitter, feels slippery, and conducts electricity.

Front

What distinguishes a strong acid from a weak acid?

Back

A strong acid completely dissociates in water, while a weak acid does not.

Front

Define a Brønsted-Lowry base.

Back

A Brønsted-Lowry base is a substance that accepts protons (H+).

Front

What is the difference between Arrhenius and Brønsted-Lowry definitions of acids and bases?

Back

Arrhenius acids produce H+ in water, while Brønsted-Lowry acids donate protons. Arrhenius bases produce OH- in water, while Brønsted-Lowry bases accept protons.

Front

What is the pH scale?

Back

A scale that measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 (acidic) to 14 (basic), with 7 being neutral.

Front

What is a neutralization reaction?

Back

A reaction between an acid and a base that produces water and a salt.

Front

What is the role of a buffer solution?

Back

A buffer solution resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.

Front

What is the dissociation of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in water?

Back

HCl → H+ + Cl- (completely dissociates, making it a strong acid).

Front

What is the dissociation of acetic acid (HC₂H₃O₂) in water?

Back

HC₂H₃O₂ ⇌ H+ + C₂H₃O₂- (partially dissociates, making it a weak acid).