Experimental Designs Practice (Statistics)

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What is a blocked experiment?

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A blocked experiment is a type of experimental design where subjects are divided into groups (blocks) based on a certain characteristic (e.g., gender) before random assignment to treatment or control groups.

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What is an explanatory variable?

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An explanatory variable is a variable that is manipulated or categorized to observe its effect on a response variable in an experiment.

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What is a response variable?

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A response variable is the outcome or effect that is measured in an experiment, which is influenced by the explanatory variable.

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What is the purpose of a placebo group in a clinical trial?

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The purpose of a placebo group is to provide a standard for comparison, helping to determine the actual effect of the treatment by comparing it to a group that receives no active treatment.

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What is a completely randomized experiment?

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A completely randomized experiment is an experimental design where all subjects are randomly assigned to treatment or control groups without any restrictions or blocking.

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What is the difference between an observational study and an experiment?

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An observational study involves observing subjects without manipulation, while an experiment involves actively manipulating one or more variables to observe the effects.

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What is the significance of random assignment in experiments?

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Random assignment helps to eliminate bias and ensures that each participant has an equal chance of being assigned to any group, which enhances the validity of the results.

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What is a control group?

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A control group is a group in an experiment that does not receive the treatment or intervention, serving as a baseline to compare the effects of the treatment.

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What is the role of replication in experimental design?

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Replication involves repeating an experiment multiple times to ensure that the results are consistent and reliable.

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What is a confounding variable?

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A confounding variable is an outside influence that can affect the results of an experiment, making it difficult to determine the true relationship between the explanatory and response variables.