Work, Energy, Power

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What is Work in physics?

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Work is defined as the product of the force applied to an object and the distance over which that force is applied in the direction of the force. It is calculated using the formula: Work (W) = Force (F) × Distance (d) × cos(θ), where θ is the angle between the force and the direction of motion.

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What is Energy?

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Energy is the capacity to do work. It exists in various forms, including kinetic energy, potential energy, thermal energy, and more. Energy can be transformed from one form to another but cannot be created or destroyed (Law of Conservation of Energy).

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What is Power in physics?

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Power is the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred over time. It is calculated using the formula: Power (P) = Work (W) / Time (t). The unit of power is the Watt (W), where 1 Watt = 1 Joule/second.

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What is Gravitational Potential Energy?

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Gravitational potential energy (PE) is the energy an object possesses due to its position in a gravitational field. It is calculated using the formula: PE = mgh, where m is mass, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the height above a reference point.

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What is the unit of Work?

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The unit of work is the Joule (J), which is defined as the amount of work done when a force of one Newton displaces an object by one meter in the direction of the force.

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How do you calculate Kinetic Energy?

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Kinetic energy (KE) is the energy of an object in motion. It is calculated using the formula: KE = 1/2 mv², where m is the mass of the object and v is its velocity.

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What is the relationship between Work and Energy?

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Work done on an object results in a change in its energy. When work is done on an object, energy is transferred to it, increasing its kinetic or potential energy.

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What is the formula for calculating gravitational potential energy?

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The formula for calculating gravitational potential energy is: PE = mgh, where m is mass, g is the acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.81 m/s²), and h is the height above the reference point.

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What is the significance of the negative sign in potential energy calculations?

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A negative potential energy value indicates that the object is below the reference point where potential energy is defined as zero. For example, if an object is dropped into a well, its potential energy becomes negative as it descends.

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What is the effect of height on gravitational potential energy?

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Gravitational potential energy increases with height. The higher an object is positioned in a gravitational field, the greater its potential energy due to the increased distance from the reference point.