Cell Biology Basics Flashcard

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What are Prokaryotic cells?

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Prokaryotic cells are simple, single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. They are the oldest forms of life on Earth.

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What are Eukaryotic cells?

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Eukaryotic cells are complex cells that contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. They can be single-celled or multicellular organisms.

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What is Cell Theory?

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Cell Theory is a fundamental concept in biology that states: 1) All living things are made of cells, 2) Cells are the basic unit of life, and 3) All cells come from pre-existing cells.

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Why are specialized cells important in humans?

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Specialized cells allow humans to perform various functions necessary for survival, as different body systems require cells with specific roles.

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What are Autotrophs?

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Autotrophs are organisms that produce their own food using sunlight or chemical energy. Examples include plants and some bacteria.

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What are Heterotrophs?

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Heterotrophs are organisms that cannot produce their own food and must consume other organisms for energy. Examples include animals and fungi.

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What is the function of a cell membrane?

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The cell membrane controls what enters and exits the cell, providing protection and maintaining the cell's environment.

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What is the role of mitochondria in a cell?

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Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, as they produce energy (ATP) through cellular respiration.

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What is the function of ribosomes?

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Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis in the cell, translating genetic information into proteins.

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What is chlorophyll?

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Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in plants that captures sunlight for photosynthesis, allowing plants to convert light energy into chemical energy.