AP Biology Topic 1.1 Properties of Water

Front

What is the molecular structure of water?

Back

Water (H2O) consists of one oxygen atom covalently bonded to two hydrogen atoms, creating a bent shape.

Front

What is polarity in water molecules?

Back

Polarity refers to the distribution of electrical charge over the atoms in a molecule. In water, the oxygen atom is slightly negative, while the hydrogen atoms are slightly positive.

Front

Why does water have a high specific heat capacity?

Back

Water's high specific heat capacity is due to hydrogen bonding, which requires more energy to change its temperature.

Front

What is cohesion in water?

Back

Cohesion is the property of water that allows it to stick to itself, leading to phenomena like surface tension.

Front

What is adhesion in water?

Back

Adhesion is the property of water that allows it to stick to other substances, which is important for processes like capillary action.

Front

What is the significance of hydrogen bonds in water?

Back

Hydrogen bonds are weak attractions between water molecules that contribute to water's unique properties, such as high boiling point and surface tension.

Front

Why do ice and water have different densities?

Back

Ice is less dense than liquid water because the hydrogen bonds in ice form a crystalline structure that keeps molecules farther apart.

Front

What is a hydrophilic substance?

Back

A hydrophilic substance is one that has an affinity for water and can interact with it, often being polar or charged.

Front

What is a hydrophobic substance?

Back

A hydrophobic substance is nonpolar and repels water, such as oils and fats.

Front

What role does water play in biological systems?

Back

Water is essential for life, serving as a solvent, a medium for chemical reactions, and a temperature regulator.