ENZYMES-BIO-EOC

Front

What are enzymes?

Back

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms.

Front

What macromolecule are enzymes primarily composed of?

Back

Proteins.

Front

What is the optimal temperature for most human enzymes?

Back

Around 37 °C (98.6 °F).

Front

How do enzymes affect the rate of chemical reactions?

Back

Enzymes increase the rate of reactions by lowering the activation energy required.

Front

What happens to enzymes at temperatures above their optimal range?

Back

They may denature, losing their functional shape and activity.

Front

Why are enzymes important for cellular reactions?

Back

They speed up reactions that would otherwise occur too slowly to sustain life.

Front

What is denaturation in the context of enzymes?

Back

Denaturation is the process where an enzyme loses its three-dimensional structure and, consequently, its function.

Front

How does pH affect enzyme activity?

Back

Each enzyme has an optimal pH range; deviations can reduce activity or denature the enzyme.

Front

What is the role of substrate in enzyme activity?

Back

The substrate is the reactant that an enzyme acts upon to facilitate a chemical reaction.

Front

What is an active site?

Back

The active site is the specific region on an enzyme where the substrate binds.