Front

What is the anatomical position of the femur relative to the tibia?

Back

The femur is proximal to the tibia.

Front

How does the cardiovascular system respond to exercise?

Back

The cardiovascular system increases heart rate and blood flow, with the heart pumping more efficiently.

Front

What unique feature do cardiac muscle fibers have compared to skeletal muscle fibers?

Back

Cardiac muscle fibers have intercalated discs that allow synchronized contractions.

Front

Where is the thoracic vertebrae located in terms of anatomical terminology?

Back

The thoracic vertebrae are located in the upper back region.

Front

What causes muscle fatigue during intense workouts?

Back

Muscle fatigue occurs due to insufficient oxygen supply, leading to anaerobic metabolism.

Front

Define 'proximal' in anatomical terms.

Back

Proximal refers to a position closer to the point of attachment or to the trunk of the body.

Front

What is the role of intercalated discs in cardiac muscle?

Back

Intercalated discs allow for synchronized contractions of cardiac muscle fibers.

Front

What happens to heart rate during exercise?

Back

Heart rate increases during exercise to supply more oxygen to the muscles.

Front

Explain the term 'anaerobic metabolism'.

Back

Anaerobic metabolism is the process of generating energy without oxygen, often leading to lactic acid production.

Front

What is the difference between voluntary and involuntary muscle contraction?

Back

Voluntary muscle contraction is controlled consciously (skeletal muscle), while involuntary contraction occurs automatically (cardiac and smooth muscle).