Intro. to Genetics Review

Front

What is a Punnett square?

Back

A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles from the parents.

Front

What does each letter in a Punnett square represent?

Back

Each letter represents an allele, which is a variant form of a gene.

Front

What is the definition of phenotype?

Back

A phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.

Front

What is the definition of genotype?

Back

A genotype is the genetic constitution of an individual, specifically the alleles present for a particular gene.

Front

What is codominance?

Back

Codominance is a type of inheritance where both alleles in a heterozygous organism contribute to the phenotype, resulting in a mix of both traits.

Front

What is incomplete dominance?

Back

Incomplete dominance is a type of inheritance where the phenotype of a heterozygote is intermediate between the phenotypes of the two homozygotes.

Front

What is the probability of inheriting a specific allele from a parent?

Back

The probability of inheriting a specific allele from a parent is determined by the alleles that the parent carries and can be calculated using a Punnett square.

Front

What are alleles?

Back

Alleles are different versions of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.

Front

What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

Back

A dominant allele is expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy is present, while a recessive allele is only expressed when two copies are present.

Front

What is a trait?

Back

A trait is a specific characteristic of an organism, which can be influenced by genetics and the environment.