Unit 5 and 6 CSA Review

Front

What is incomplete dominance?

Back

A genetic situation in which one allele does not completely dominate another allele, resulting in a new phenotype that is a blend of the two traits.

Front

What is the role of RNA polymerase in transcription?

Back

RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region of DNA and synthesizes RNA from the DNA template.

Front

What are the possible genotypes of parents that produce 292 tall yellow and 103 short green pea plants?

Back

The most likely genotypes are TtYy x TtYy.

Front

What does the phenotype RRLL indicate in fruit flies?

Back

It indicates that the male fruit fly has homozygous dominant traits for both red eyes and long wings.

Front

What are introns and exons in mRNA processing?

Back

Introns are non-coding regions that are removed, while exons are coding regions that are spliced together to form mature mRNA.

Front

What is codominance?

Back

A genetic scenario where both alleles in a heterozygote are fully expressed, resulting in offspring with a phenotype that is neither dominant nor recessive.

Front

What is the significance of the 5' cap in mRNA?

Back

The 5' cap protects mRNA from degradation and assists in ribosome binding during translation.

Front

What is the purpose of the 3' poly A tail in mRNA?

Back

The 3' poly A tail enhances the stability of mRNA and aids in the export of mRNA from the nucleus.

Front

What is epistasis?

Back

A genetic interaction where the expression of one gene is affected by one or more other genes, often masking the effects of another gene.

Front

What is the difference between dominant and recessive traits?

Back

Dominant traits are expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy of the allele is present, while recessive traits are only expressed when two copies are present.