Biology EOC Review P2

Front

What does exponential growth mean in biology?

Back

Exponential growth refers to a population growth pattern where the number of individuals increases rapidly over time, typically when resources are abundant.

Front

What is a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide is the basic building block of nucleic acids, consisting of a nitrogenous base, a sugar (deoxyribose in DNA), and a phosphate group.

Front

What are the components of DNA?

Back

DNA is made up of nucleotides, which include a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group, and nitrogenous bases (adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine).

Front

What is the haploid number of chromosomes?

Back

The haploid number is the number of chromosomes in a gamete (sperm or egg), which is half the diploid number. For example, in goats, the haploid number is 30.

Front

What is meiosis?

Back

Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, producing four haploid cells from one diploid cell, essential for sexual reproduction.

Front

What is the difference between haploid and diploid cells?

Back

Diploid cells contain two complete sets of chromosomes (one from each parent), while haploid cells contain only one set.

Front

What are the sides of a DNA ladder made of?

Back

The sides of a DNA ladder are made of alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups.

Front

What is logistic growth?

Back

Logistic growth is a population growth model that describes how a population grows rapidly at first and then levels off as it reaches the carrying capacity of its environment.

Front

What is the role of nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Nitrogenous bases (adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine) pair with each other to form the rungs of the DNA ladder, encoding genetic information.

Front

What is the function of deoxyribose sugar in DNA?

Back

Deoxyribose sugar forms the backbone of DNA, linking with phosphate groups to create the structure of the DNA molecule.