Hypothesis Testing Flashcard

Front

What is a t-test used for?

Back

A t-test is used to determine if there is a significant difference between the means of two groups, particularly when the sample size is small (n < 30).

Front

How are degrees of freedom calculated for a two-sample t-test?

Back

Degrees of freedom for a two-sample t-test are calculated as n₁ + n₂ - 2.

Front

What test is appropriate for comparing the means of two large independent samples?

Back

The Z-test is used to compare the means of two large independent samples.

Front

What is the most appropriate test for comparing more than two group means?

Back

ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) is the most appropriate test for comparing more than two group means.

Front

What should you do if the calculated p-value is 0.03 and the significance level is 0.05?

Back

You should reject the null hypothesis.

Front

What is the null hypothesis in hypothesis testing?

Back

The null hypothesis is a statement that there is no effect or no difference, and it serves as the default assumption that is tested.

Front

What is a p-value?

Back

A p-value is the probability of obtaining test results at least as extreme as the observed results, assuming that the null hypothesis is true.

Front

What does it mean to reject the null hypothesis?

Back

Rejecting the null hypothesis means that there is sufficient evidence to support the alternative hypothesis.

Front

What is the significance level (alpha) in hypothesis testing?

Back

The significance level (alpha) is the threshold for determining whether to reject the null hypothesis, commonly set at 0.05.

Front

What is the difference between a one-tailed and a two-tailed test?

Back

A one-tailed test checks for the possibility of the relationship in one direction, while a two-tailed test checks for the possibility in both directions.