Bio 1B Genetics Unit Review

Front

What is a heterozygous genotype?

Back

A genotype consisting of two different alleles for a particular gene, such as Aa.

Front

What type of antibodies does a person with type A blood produce?

Back

Anti-B antibodies.

Front

What is a sex-linked trait?

Back

A trait associated with a gene that is located on a sex chromosome, typically the X chromosome.

Front

How many cell divisions occur during meiosis?

Back

Two cell divisions.

Front

What does the Law of Segregation state?

Back

The two alleles for a trait separate during meiosis, so each gamete carries only one allele for each gene.

Front

What is a purebred organism?

Back

An organism that has identical alleles for a trait, such as AA or aa.

Front

What is the difference between codominance and incomplete dominance?

Back

In codominance, both alleles are expressed equally in the phenotype (e.g., AB blood type). In incomplete dominance, the phenotype is a blend of the two alleles (e.g., red and white flowers producing pink flowers).

Front

What is a polygenic trait?

Back

A trait that is controlled by multiple genes, resulting in a range of phenotypes (e.g., human height).

Front

What is the role of meiosis in sexual reproduction?

Back

Meiosis produces gametes (sperm and eggs) with half the number of chromosomes, allowing for genetic diversity.

Front

What is Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment?

Back

The law stating that alleles for different traits are distributed to gametes independently of one another.